被动语态的九种结构
【被动语态的九种结构】在英语语法中,被动语态是一种重要的句型结构,常用于强调动作的承受者而非执行者。掌握被动语态的不同结构,有助于提高语言表达的多样性和准确性。以下是常见的九种被动语态结构,结合实例进行说明。
一、基本被动语态(一般现在时)
结构:be + 过去分词
例句:The book is written by a famous author.
解释:表示“这本书是由一位著名作家写的”。
二、一般过去时被动语态
结构:was/were + 过去分词
例句:The cake was eaten by the children.
解释:表示“蛋糕被孩子们吃掉了”。
三、一般将来时被动语态
结构:will be + 过去分词
例句:The report will be finished tomorrow.
解释:表示“报告将在明天完成”。
四、现在进行时被动语态
结构:is/are + being + 过去分词
例句:The door is being opened by someone.
解释:表示“门正在被某人打开”。
五、过去进行时被动语态
结构:was/were + being + 过去分词
例句:The house was being painted when I arrived.
解释:表示“我到达时,房子正在被粉刷”。
六、现在完成时被动语态
结构:has/have been + 过去分词
例句:The letter has been sent already.
解释:表示“信已经寄出去了”。
七、过去完成时被动语态
结构:had been + 过去分词
例句:The project had been completed before the meeting started.
解释:表示“会议开始前,项目已经完成了”。
八、将来完成时被动语态
结构:will have been + 过去分词
例句:The work will have been done by this time next week.
解释:表示“到下周这个时候,这项工作将已完成”。
九、情态动词+被动语态
结构:情态动词 + be + 过去分词
例句:The problem must be solved immediately.
解释:表示“这个问题必须立即解决”。
被动语态九种结构总结表
| 序号 | 时态/结构 | 结构形式 | 例句 |
| 1 | 一般现在时 | be + 过去分词 | The book is written by a famous author. |
| 2 | 一般过去时 | was/were + 过去分词 | The cake was eaten by the children. |
| 3 | 一般将来时 | will be + 过去分词 | The report will be finished tomorrow. |
| 4 | 现在进行时 | is/are + being + 过去分词 | The door is being opened by someone. |
| 5 | 过去进行时 | was/were + being + 过去分词 | The house was being painted when I arrived. |
| 6 | 现在完成时 | has/have been + 过去分词 | The letter has been sent already. |
| 7 | 过去完成时 | had been + 过去分词 | The project had been completed before the meeting started. |
| 8 | 将来完成时 | will have been + 过去分词 | The work will have been done by this time next week. |
| 9 | 情态动词 | 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 | The problem must be solved immediately. |
通过掌握这九种被动语态结构,可以更灵活地运用英语表达,特别是在正式写作和学术交流中,被动语态能有效提升语言的专业性与客观性。
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